The Tibetan Mastiff is indeed a remarkable breed with a rich history and unique characteristics. Here’s a summary of the key information about this breed:

Physical Characteristics:

• The Tibetan Mastiff is a massive and giant dog with a sturdy bone structure.
• They have a slightly longer than tall body, a broad and heavy head, and a square muzzle.
• The nose is large and black, and the eyes are almond-shaped and deep-set, typically brown.
• Pendant ears hang forward close to the head.
• The neck is muscular and arched with a moderate dewlap.
• They have a level topline and a curled tail carried over the back.
• Their front legs are straight with feathering, and they have cat-like feet.

Coat and Colors:

• Tibetan Mastiffs have a double coat that is immense and thick.
• They have a heavy mane around the neck and shorter hair on the head.
• Coat colors include black, brown, and blue-gray, with or without tan markings, as well as various shades of gold. White markings are also possible.

Temperament:

• Tibetan Mastiffs are courageous, fearless, calm, and even-tempered.
• They are very loyal to their family and are excellent at guarding.
• They can be reserved with strangers if not properly socialized but are generally good with children.
• Proper training and socialization are essential to prevent them from becoming overprotective and territorial.
• They require a firm and confident pack leader.

Size and Weight:

• Height: 25 – 28 inches (61- 71 cm)
• Weight: 140 – 170 pounds (64 – 78 kg), although some European dogs may weigh up to 220 pounds (99 kg).

Health Concerns:

• Tibetan Mastiffs can be prone to hip dysplasia, thyroid problems, skin conditions, and ear infections.
• There is a genetic condition called Canine Inherited Demyelinative Neuropathy (CIDN) that is fatal.

Living Conditions and Exercise:

• They can adapt to apartment living if adequately exercised.
• Daily walks are necessary, and they should be made to heel beside or behind their owner.
• Care should be taken to avoid overworking their bones, muscles, and joints during the growth stage.

Lifespan and Litter Size:

• Tibetan Mastiffs can live up to 15 years or more.
• They typically have litters of 5 to 12 puppies, and females go into heat once a year.

Grooming:

• Regular brushing is required, and during shedding season, daily grooming is recommended.
• They may be suitable for some allergy sufferers depending on the individual and the type of allergy.

Origin and History:

• Tibetan Mastiffs have ancient origins, possibly dating back to 1100 BC.
• They were used as guardian dogs in Tibet, often left to protect property and livestock.
• They gained popularity outside of Tibet in the mid-1800s when Queen Victoria received one as a gift.
• The breed was imported to the United States in the 1970s and has since gained recognition and popularity.

Tibetan Mastiffs are unique and majestic dogs with strong protective instincts and a deep loyalty to their families. They require responsible ownership, including early socialization and consistent training, to ensure they become well-adjusted companions.